Table 5 Differences in plagiarism incidences by language and period

Before COVID-19

Hebrew

3673

84.03

26.23

74.52^***

0.04

Arabic

175

70.81

24.97

English

134

59.10

37.82

During COVID-19

Hebrew

3259

77.10

29.61

113.73^***

0.05

Arabic

158

75.08

26.21

English

566

56.19

35.93

After COVID-19

Hebrew

13,877

81.35

27.65

126.24^***

0.02

Arabic

785

81.44

29.09

English

3173

72.17

36.71

Hebrew

20,809

81.16

27.80

28.37

37.11

261.98^***

0.02

All Sample

Arabic

1118

78.88

English

3873

69.38