Fig. 3

Passing percentage for Course X across different semesters: before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Each semester’s passing percentage is depicted with circles, and their averages are represented by continuous blue lines. The shift to virtual education marked a significant change in the passing percentage, reflecting an improvement of 35.87%. During the COVID-19 pandemic, apart from the 109 students from Semester \(S_{8}\), approximately 800 students each semester underwent evaluations using exclusively v-Tests. Post-pandemic, Course X returned to traditional evaluations (p-Tests), leading to a decline in the passing percentage to values akin to those pre-pandemic. Intriguingly, in Semester \(S_{11}\), when the course reverted to v-Tests, the Passing Percentage rebounded to levels comparable to those observed during the pandemic